Chemguide: Core Chemistry 14 - 16


Main Menu for Core Chemistry 14 - 16


About this sectionA brief description of what this section is aimed at, and how it is organised.
Solids, liquids and gasesA particle view of solids, liquids and gases, changes of state and diffusion.
Separating mixturesAn introduction to the various ways of separating mixtures in the lab.
Atomic structure and bondingProtons, neutrons and electrons and their arrangement. Covalent, ionic, metallic and intermolecular bonding.
The properties of various types of chemical structuresGiant ionic and covalent structures, metallic structures and simple molecular structures.
Formulae and equationsHow to work out simple formulae and equations.
Oxygen and the airProportions of gases in the air. Making and testing oxygen in the lab. Burning a selection of elements, and the environmental problems that creates.
The Reactivity SeriesAn exploration of the Reactivity Series, including essential ideas about oxidation and reduction.
Acids, bases and saltsReactions of acids with metals, metal oxides and hydroxides, carbonates and ammonia. A summary of the theory about what an acid and a base are. Solubility and preparation of salts.
The Periodic TableAn introduction to the Periodic Table, including a look at Groups 0, 1 and 7 (17) and the transition metals.
ElectrolysisAn introduction to the electrolysis of ionic compounds, molten or in solution.
AnalysisHow to test for a number of gases and ionic compounds.
Energy changes during reactionsAn introduction to exothermic and endothermic reactions with examples of each.
Rates of reactionThe effect of surface area, concentration, temperature, pressure and catalysts on the rates of chemical reactions.
Reversible reactions and equilibriaReversible reactions and how they can lead to equilibria. Changing the position of equilibrium by changing conditions.
Large scale chemistryManufacture of ammonia and sulfuric acid. Limestone, quicklime and slaked lime. Extraction and rusting of iron. Extraction of aluminium.
Organic chemistryAn introduction to organic formulae and names, the oil industry, and some properties of alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters.
Chemistry calculationsAn introduction to essential chemistry calculations.

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